![]() ![]() Operators of Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS) also shifted gears this year. While the staff was able to isolate some of the affected machines so that most systems were operational, the university decided that it was the best course of action to pay the $20,000 demanded by the attackers because of the risk to critical data and valuable research. In late May, a ransomware attack crippled multiple systems connected to the university’s network. The ransom was set at 45 bitcoins (around $19,000) with a ten-day deadline, but MedStar was reportedly able to bring their systems back online without paying. The organization acted quickly and took down all system interfaces to prevent the malware from spreading. MedStar is one of America’s leading healthcare providers with a network of ten hospitals and 250 outpatient centers under its name-many of which were affected as ransomware attackers paralyzed their systems in late March. The systems were down for more than a week before the hospital reportedly paid the ransom of 40 Bitcoins, which amounted to $17,000. The attack heavily affected the facility's daily operations, as urgent scans, lab work, pharmaceutical needs, and documentation couldn't be processed. In early February, the Hollywood Presbyterian Medical Center was hit by a ransomware attack that knocked the hospital’s network offline. Context: DevOps, the combination of Development and Operations, is a new way of thinking in the software engineering domain that recently received much attention.The Hollywood Presbyterian Medical Center ![]() Given that DevOps is a new term and novel concept recently introduced, no common understanding of what it entails has been achieved yet. Consequently, definitions of DevOps often only represent a part that is relevant to the concept. Objective:This study aims to characterize DevOps by exploring central components of DevOps definitions reported in the literature, specifying practices explicitly proposed for DevOps and investigating the similarities and differences between DevOps and other existing methods in software engineering. Method: A systematic mapping study was conducted that used six electronic databases: IEEE, ACM, Inspec, Scopus, Wiley Online Library and Web of Science. ![]() Result: 44 studies have been selected that report a definition of DevOps, 15 studies explicitly stating DevOps practices, and 15 studies stating how DevOps is related to other existing methods. Papers in some cases stated a combination of a definition, practices, and relations to other methods, the total number of primary studies was 49.Ĭonclusion: We proposed a definition for DevOps which may overcome inconsistencies over the various existing definitions of individual research studies. In addition, the practices explicitly proposed for DevOps have been presented as well as the relation to other software development methods.ĭevOps (development and operations) is a set of collaborative practices that automate delivery of new software updates with the aim to reduce the development life cycle and produce quality software products. Software organizations face several barriers while adopting DevOps practices as the integration of development and operation teams requires merger of different processes, tools, and skill sets. This study aims to develop a prioritization-based framework of the DevOps best practices based on evidence collected from industry experts. To attain the study aims, firstly, a systematic literature review was conducted to identify DevOps best practices reported in the literature. Next, a questionnaire survey study was conducted to receive insight from industry practitioners for the identified best practice. Finally, the fuzzy-AHP technique was applied to prioritize the best practices concerning to the significance for DevOps process. We believe that the identified best practices, their categorization and fuzzy-AHP based framework will help industry experts to revise and improve their strategies to make the DevOps process sustainable. ![]()
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